Before the advancements of the modern era, human existence was fraught with various dangers and threats that posed significant risks to people’s lives. Some of the most prevalent causes of mortality during those times were:

Infectious Diseases: Throughout history, infectious diseases such as the bubonic plague, smallpox, cholera, and tuberculosis claimed countless lives. These illnesses spread rapidly due to poor hygiene practices, lack of medical knowledge, and limited access to effective treatments.

War and Conflict: Warfare has been a constant feature of human history, leading to the loss of numerous lives. Wars were fought with primitive weapons and strategies, resulting in high casualties. Conquests, invasions, and territorial disputes often led to devastating consequences for societies.

Famine and Starvation: Before modern agricultural practices and food distribution systems, societies faced recurrent periods of famine. Crop failures, droughts, and other environmental factors contributed to food scarcity and malnutrition, leading to the deterioration of public health and increased mortality rates.

In 2023, when it comes to the leading cause of death worldwide, many people might immediately think of COVID-19. Rightfully so, could we say, as we are just recovering from a pandemic. Of note, the COVID-19 death toll is around 7 million, so far. However, the true global pandemic that claims more lives than any other is often hidden in plain sight: cardiovascular disease.

The Global Pandemic of Cardiovascular Disease

Cardiovascular disease encompasses a broad category of conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels, with the most common being coronary artery disease, heart failure, and stroke. This collective term includes heart attacks, angina, hypertension, and other conditions, making it a silent, pervasive threat. The numbers are nothing short of alarming:

• Stagerring mortality: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cardiovascular diseases (CVD) claimed 17.9 million lives in 2019, representing 32% of all global deaths. Stroke and myocardial infartion (heart attack) accounted for 85% of these deaths. CVD was responsible for 38% of the premature deaths due to non-communicable diseases.

• Global Reach: Unlike some diseases that predominantly affect certain regions or populations, cardiovascular disease knows no boundaries. It is a threat to people in both developed and developing countries, affecting individuals of all ages and backgrounds. The burden of CVD is even heavier in low and middle income countries. At least three-quarters of the world’s deaths from CVDs occur in low- and middle-income countries.

The Risk Factors OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES

Cardiovascular disease is indeed a complex condition that requires a comprehensive understanding of its risk factors. It is not solely an indiscriminate killer, but rather a result of a combination of controllable and uncontrollable factors.

Controllable risk factors of cardivascular diseases

• High blood pressure
• Tobacco use
• Unhealthy diet
• Physical inactivity
• Excessive alcohol consumption
• Diabetes

Controllable risk factors play a significant role in the development of cardiovascular disease. These encompass lifestyle choices and habits that we have the power to modify. Read also: Hypertensive heart disease.

Uncontrollable risk factors of cardiovascular diseases

On the other hand, there are also uncontrollable risk factors that we cannot change.

• Age
• Male Gender
• Family history of heart disease

As we age, the risk of developing cardiovascular problems increases. Men are generally at a higher risk compared to women, especially before menopause. Furthermore, if there is a history of heart disease in your family, it can sometimes predispose you to the condition.

However, it is crucial to remember that even when faced with uncontrollable risk factors, implementing healthy habits and lifestyle changes can still make a significant impact on reducing the risk and managing cardiovascular disease. Regular check-ups with a healthcare professional can help monitor and address any potential issues before they become more serious.

THE GOOD NEWS

While cardiovascular disease is a formidable global challenge, it is not an insurmountable one. Prevention and control strategies can significantly reduce the burden of this disease:

Healthy Lifestyle: Adopting a healthy lifestyle that includes regular physical activity, a balanced diet, and avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol can help lower your risk.

Regular Health Check-ups: Regular medical check-ups can help identify and manage risk factors early.

Medication: For individuals at high risk or with specific conditions like hypertension or diabetes, medications may be prescribed to manage these risk factors.

Awareness and Education: Public health campaigns and education about the risks of cardiovascular disease can raise awareness and encourage healthy living.

Cardiovascular disease, although currently the leading cause of death worldwide, presents us with an opportunity for change and improvement. It serves as a reminder of the importance of taking proactive measures for prevention and control. By joining forces as a global community, we can combat this pervasive threat by promoting healthy lifestyles, embracing early detection, and seeking out innovative treatments. Each individual possesses the power to make choices that not only reduce their personal risk but also contribute to the creation of a healthier, heart-friendly world. Let us unite in the pursuit of this common goal, with the hope of one day toppling cardiovascular disease from its grim title as the primary cause of death worldwide.

Yours in good health

MDLINE HEALTH